parse OED
parse Cambridge Dictionary
...to examine or think about something carefully in order to understand it:...to examine computer data and change it into a form that can be easily read or understood
parse reddit
...Parsing is the process of turning one form of data (usually a string of text or numbers or whatever) into a data structure... "to parse" just means to extract information, usually syntactically, and assign it to something else.
For example, if you wanted to know the rules for making a law in the US you would have to "parse" the Constitution for that information.
In computer science "parsing" usually refers to a piece of software extracting information from a programming or markup language to convert to executable instructions or data.
OED 'parse'
2. 1788— transitive. In extended use: to examine or analyse minutely.1788 When you wish to draw a face from recollection you must well commit it to memory, by parsing it in your mind (as schoolboys term it) by naming the contour and different species of features of which it is constructed. F. Grose, Rules for Caricaturas 14
1860 Let him soak and remove the leather covering, parsing his way, as it were, by minute examination. Leisure Hour 9 August 507/2
1931 Reade's biographer is confronted with the necessity of, as it were, 'parsing a character which..does not make sense. Times Literary Supplement 7 May 353/3
1962 Franco spoke Italian with a slightly foreign (or aristocratic) accent—depending on which way the listener chose to parse it. P. Tompkins, Spy in Rome xxxi. 307
2001 Science has parsed nearly every move of every Olympic event and figured out what athletes must do to bring back the gold. Newsweek 17 December 60/1