SEARCH STRING: su:hurricane+ and su:(wind speed) DATABASE: Environment RECORD NO: 3669098 AUTHOR: Sparks, P.R.; Schiff, S.D.; Reinhold, T.A. NOTE: Author's affiliation: Dep. Civ. Eng., Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC 29634-0911, USA. TITLE: Wind damage to envelopes of houses and consequent insurance losses. SOURCE: J. WIND ENG. IND. AERODYN., 1994, vol. 53, no. 1-2, pp. 145- 155 ISSN: 0167-6105 YR: 1994 ABSTRACT JNL: *Health & Safety Science Abstracts. -- Section: H SE6.21 HURRICANES. Section: H SI1.21 HOUSING AND BUILDING INDUSTRIES. LANGUAGE: English DESCRIPTOR: hurricanes; wind; building; insurance; economics; fatigue SEARCH STRING: su:hurricane+ and su:(wind speed) DATABASE: Environment RECORD NO: 2949268 AUTHOR: Rogers, R.F.; Davis, R. NOTE: Author's affiliation: Dep. Meteorol., 503 Walker Build., Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA 16802, USA. TITLE: The effect of coastline curvature on the weakening of Atlantic tropical cyclones. SOURCE: INT. J. CLIMATOL., 1993, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 287-299 ISSN: 0899-8418 YR: 1993 ABSTRACT JNL: *Safety Sciences Abstracts. -- Section: H SE6.21 HURRICANES. LANGUAGE: English DESCRIPTOR: ASW, Mexico; ASW, USA; ANW, USA; coastal morphology; hurricanes; meteorology; Mexico; USA IDENTIFIER: marine; coastline curvature SEARCH STRING: su:hurricane+ and su:(wind speed) DATABASE: Environment RECORD NO: 2696821 AUTHOR: Hsu, S.A. NOTE: Contains: Conference proceedings, meeting reports, papers presented. Contains: Summary, abstract, or condensation. Author's affiliation: Coast. Stud. Inst. and Dep. Geol. and Geophys., Sch. Geosci., Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. Presented at: 156. Natl. Meet. of the American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science, New Orleans, LA (USA), 15-20 Feb 1990. Abstract only. TITLE: Dynamics of hurricanes as they approach and take landfall. CONF TITLE: 156. Natl. Meet. of the American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science;(15-20 Feb 1990 : New Orleans, LA ) SOURCE: 1990 AAAS ANNUAL MEETING ABSTRACTS., 1989, p. 28 YR: 1989 ABSTRACT JNL: *Safety Sciences Abstracts. -- Section: H SE6.21 HURRICANES. LANGUAGE: English DESCRIPTOR: dynamics; thermal structure; atmospheric boundary layer; Frederic; Alicia; mathematical models; friction; surface/topography; wind stress; storm surges; boundary layers; thermodynamics IDENTIFIER: hurricanes; land-sea frictional asymmetry; landfall SEARCH STRING: su:(hurricane) and su:(wind speed) DATABASE: Geobase NUMBER: 97H-99999 AUTHOR: Powell, M.D.; Houston, S.H. TITLE: Hurricane Andrew's landfall in south Florida. Part II: surface wind fields and potential real-time applications JOURNAL: Weather and Forecasting, v11/3, 329-349 YEAR: 1996 LANGUAGE: English ABSTRACT: All available wind data associated with Hurricane Andrew's passage were analyzed for periods corresponding to landfall south of Miami and emergence from southwest Florida. On the southwest coast, convective cell development in the southern eyewall was supported by a coastal convergence maximum. Comparison of the wind swath with two independent Fujita-scale damage maps indicated that peak swath speeds compared well with damage-derived speed equivalents in the worst damaged areas but were higher than equivalents in moderately damaged areas. Comparison of the analysis maximum wind swath with an engineering survey of damaged homes suggests that homes exposed to a wide range of wind directions while subjected to high wind speeds suffered the most damage. Potential real-time applications of wind field products include warning dissemination, emergency management, storm surge and wave forecasting, and wind engineering. Development of damage assessment models for disaster mitigation is addressed from the viewpoint of an electrical utility. DESCRIPTORS: USA; Florida; natural hazard; wind field; hazard mitigation; hurricane; Hurricane Andrew; surface wind; Hurricane Andrew; wind velocity; wind field; storm track; emergency management; disaster mitigation SUBJECT CODE: Geography SEARCH STRING: su:(hurricane) and su:(wind speed) DATABASE: Geobase NUMBER: 96J-09448 AUTHOR: Kaplan, J.; DeMaria, M. TITLE: A simple empirical model for predicting the decay of tropical cyclone winds after landfall JOURNAL: Journal of Applied Meteorology, v34 n11, pp 2499-2512 YEAR: 1995 LANGUAGE: English ABSTRACT: An empirical model for predicting the maximum wind of landfalling tropical cyclones is developed. The model is based upon the observation that the wind speed decay rate after landfall is proportional to the wind speed. Observations also indicate that the wind speed decays to a small, but nonzero, background wind speed. With these assumptions, the wind speed is determined from a simple two-parameters exponential decay model, which is a function of the wind speed at landfall and the time since landfall. A correction can also be added that accounts for differences between storms that move inland slowly and storms that move inland rapidly. This model can be used for operational forecasting of the maximum winds of landfalling tropical cyclones. It can also be used to estimate the maximum inland penetration of hurricane force winds (or any wind speed threshold) for a given initial storm intensity. -from Authors DESCRIPTORS: windspeed decay; windspeed prediction model; hurricane intensity; empirical model; tropical; cyclone; USA; Florida; SUBJECT CODE: Geography SEARCH STRING: su:(hurricane) and su:(wind speed) DATABASE: Geobase NUMBER: 93J-11830 AUTHOR: Rogers, R. F.; Davis, R. E. AFFILIATION: Dept. of Meteorology, 503 Walker Buiilding, The Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA. TITLE: The effect of coastline curvature on the weakening of Atlantic tropical cyclones JOURNAL: International Journal of Climatology, v13 n3, pp 287-299 YEAR: 1993 LANGUAGE: English ABSTRACT: The USA and Mexican coastline was approximated by a subjective smoothing procedure, and the coastal curvature corresponding to each landfalling Atlantic tropical cyclone from 1900 to 1979 was measured and grouped into one of the three curvature categories. Storm- filling rates and total amounts of filling were determined before and after landfall by computing the change in wind speed for various Saffir-Simpson hurricane intensity categories. Concave coasts were found to be associated with storms filling both more rapidly and by a greater amount than convex coasts for weak hurricanes and strong tropical storms, and they were associated with storms that filled by a greater amount for hurricanes of moderate strength. This most likely results from the lower water-to- land ratios associated with storms striking concave coasts and the reduction in latent and sensible heat fluxes from the surface. -from Authors DESCRIPTORS: water/land ratio; coastline curvature; hurricane climatology; tropical cyclone filling; Atlantic; SUBJECT CODE: Geography CSA Environment Record 1 of 4 TI: Title Potential vorticity diagnostics of hurricane movement. Part 1.: A case study of Hurricane Bob (1991) AU: Author Wu, Chun-Chieh; Emanuel, KA AF: Author Affiliation Dep. Atmos. Sci., Natl. Taiwan Univ., 61, Ln 144, Sec 4, Keelung Rd., 10772 Taipei, Taiwan SO: Source Monthly Weather Review [MON. WEATHER REV.], vol. 123, no. 1, pp. 69-92, 1995 IS: ISSN 0027-0644 AB: Abstract Potential vorticity (PV) diagnostics are applied to evaluate the control by the large-scale environment of hurricane movement and, more importantly, to assess the storm's influence on its own track. As a first application of these diagnostics, an observational case study of Hurricane Bob (1991) is presented using the twice-daily National Meteorological Center Northern Hemisphere final analyses gridded datasets. Defining the seasonal climatology as the mean reference state, piecewise potential vorticity inversions are performed under the nonlinear balance condition. This allows one to determine the balanced flows associated with any individual perturbation of PV. By examining the balanced flows at the central position of the hurricane, one can identify the influence of each PV perturbation on hurricane movement. The hurricane advection flow is also defined as the balanced flow at the storm center associated with the whole PV distribution, excluding the positive PV anomaly of the hurricane itself. The results from the observational study of Bob show that the hurricane advection flow is a good approximation to the real storm motion. The results also show that the balanced flows associated with the climatological mean PV and perturbation PV distribution in both the lower and upper troposphere are both important in contributing to Bob's movement. However, it is difficult to separate PV anomalies directly or indirectly attributable to the storm from ambient PV anomalies. Results from other cases will be presented in a companion paper. LA: Language English SL: Summary Language English PY: Publication Year 1995 PT: Publication Type Journal Article DE: Descriptors storms; tropic zone; cyclones; hurricanes; case studies; atmospheric physics; vortices; tropical meteorology; vorticity ID: Identifiers Hurricane Bob TR: ASFA Input Center Number CS9510996 CL: Classification SW 0815 Precipitation; Q2 02241 General SF: Subfile Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources AN: Accession Number 3727686 Record 2 of 4 TI: Title The motion of Hurricane Gloria: A potential vorticity diagnosis AU: Author Shapiro, LJ AF: Author Affiliation Hurricane Research Division, AOML/NOAA, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149, USA SO: Source Monthly Weather Review [MON. WEATHER REV.], vol. 124, no. 11, pp. 2497-2508, 1996 IS: ISSN 0027-0644 AB: Abstract Multilevel, multinested analyses of Hurricane Gloria of 1985 are the most comprehensive kinematic dataset yet developed for a single hurricane. A piecewise inversion technique is used with these analyses and the nonlinear balance equation to deduce the three-dimensional distribution of potential vorticity (PV) that contributed to the deep-layer mean (DLM) flow that steered Gloria toward the northwest. The background state is taken to be the azimuthally averaged winds in balance with a geopotential distribution on an f plane. Advantage is taken of the near-linearity of the weak asymmetries near the hurricane's core and of PV in the environment. Thus, ad hoc aspects of the linearization required by other investigators are effectively eliminated. Removal of the hurricane vortex and the use of a climatological mean background state are avoided as well. The insensitivity of the results to the imposed lateral boundary conditions is also demonstrated. Wind anomalies attributable to pieces of anomalous PV restricted to cylinders of different radii centered on the hurricane are evaluated. The DLM wind that steered Gloria to the northwest is primarily attributable to PV anomalies confined within a cylinder of radius 1000 km and levels 500 mb and above, including positive anomalies associated with a cold low over Cuba. The vector difference between the hurricane's observed motion and the DLM wind at Gloria's center attributable to these PV anomalies is 1.0 m s super(-1), explaining more than five-sixths of the hurricane's 6.2 m s super(-1) motion. Implications for measurements required to establish short-term changes of the environmental steering flow are considered. Difficulties in the interpretation of results are discussed for PV anomalies that are confined to noncircular regions; the implication for other studies is considered as well. LA: Language English SL: Summary Language English PY: Publication Year 1996 PT: Publication Type Journal Article DE: Descriptors hurricanes; storms; wind; climatology ID: Identifiers Hurricane Gloria CL: Classification SW 0815 Precipitation SF: Subfile Water Resources Abstracts AN: Accession Number 3978786 Record 3 of 4 TI: Title Hurricane Hugo offers many lessons to building designers. AU: Author Harris, Gill AF: Author Affiliation Metal Building Manufacturers Assoc, Cleveland, OH, USA SO: Source BUILD STAND., vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 10-13, 1992 IS: ISSN 0270-1197 AB: Abstract More than 30 years had passed since the Charleston, South Carolina, area had experienced wind forces of the scale produced by Hurricane Hugo on September 21 and 22, 1989. As a result, the hurricane provided a vivid history of the wind resistances of many different types of construction in the area. This article summarizes the results of an investigation of metal buildings to evaluate their resistance to the hurricane. A nearby anemometer provided relatively well-known conditions for the buildings. Performance of the buildings indicated improvements had occurred in establishing current wind load criteria. LA: Language English PY: Publication Year 1992 PT: Publication Type Journal Article DE: Descriptors Hurricanes; Wind effects; Structural analysis; Metals; Structural design; Hurricane effects; Hurricane resistance; Building codes; Structural loads ID: Identifiers Metal Construction; Wind Loads; Wind Load Design Criteria; Wind Speed CL: Classification EE 402 BUILDINGS AND TOWERS; EE 443.1 Atmospheric Properties; EE 408.1 Structural Design (General); EE 408.2 Structural Members and Shapes; EE 531 METALLURGY AND METALLOGRAPHY; EE 902.2 Codes and Standards SF: Subfile Environmental Engineering Abstracts AN: Accession Number 0019686 Record 4 of 4 TI: Title Engineering overview of Hurricane Andrew in South Florida AU: Author Sirkin, A AF: Author Affiliation Consulting Engr. and Gen. Contractor, One Lincoln Rd. Build., Ste. 217, Miami Beach, FL 33139, USA SO: Source Journal of Urban Planning and Development [J. URBAN PLANN. DEV.], vol. 121, no. 1, pp. 1-10, 1995 IS: ISSN 0733-9488 AB: Abstract On August 24, 1992 Hurricane Andrew became the first major hurricane to attack south Florida in 57 years. Although adequate warnings were given as the storm approached, after the hurricane had passed, it was found that no plan was in place to provide a quick response for the victims. Workers and equipment needed to be repositioned and brought in from long distances. Hurricane-resistive building codes were found to be inadequate. Essential electrical power networks were lost. Manufactured homes were devastated. Obviously, changes would be needed to plan for the next major hurricane to hit the area. LA: Language English SL: Summary Language English PY: Publication Year 1995 PT: Publication Type Journal Article DE: Descriptors hurricanes; USA, Florida; building codes; warning systems; legal aspects; flood damage; storm surges; wind; urban planning CL: Classification SW 0815 Precipitation SF: Subfile Water Resources Abstracts AN: Accession Number 3935444 Database: Environmental Sciences Query: (hurricane and ab=wind ADJ speed) Your Note: Record 1 of 1 TI: Title Dynamics of hurricanes as they approach and take landfall. AU: Author Hsu, SA AF: Author Affiliation Coast. Stud. Inst. and Dep. Geol. and Geophys., Sch. Geosci., Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA CF: Conference 156. Natl. Meet. of the American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science, New Orleans, LA (USA), 15-20 Feb 1990 ED: Editor Games, MD (comp) SO: Source 1990 AAAS ANNUAL MEETING ABSTRACTS., 1989, p. 28 NT: Notes Abstract only. AB: Abstract An overview is made of the changes in boundary-layer kinematic and thermodynamic structures of hurricanes such as Frederic (1979) and Alicia (1983) at landfall, and a numerical model that simulates these characteristics is presented. It is shown that land-sea frictional asymmetry at landfall is the most important dynamic factor. This roughness difference opposes the mean vortex flow over land and reinforces it at sea. In general, the standard 10-meter wind speed at a coastal station on land is approximately 80% of the speed over water. The vertical shear of the horizontal wind over land is twice that over water. Thermodynamic analyses indicate that loss of oceanic heat and moisture source, in addition to the advection of drier air from land, is responsible for cooling and drying of the inflowing boundary layer air. Numerical simulation of a hurricane indicates that the rainfall in spiral rainbands diminishes during the 7 hours before landfall. For coastal applications such as storm surge modeling, the wind field along the shoreline but normal to the storm track, as well as characteristics of the wind stress (drag) coefficient under hurricane conditions, will also be discussed. LA: Language English PY: Publication Year 1989 PT: Publication Type Book Monograph; Conference; Summary DE: Descriptors dynamics; thermal structure; atmospheric boundary layer; Frederic; Alicia; mathematical models; friction; surface/topography; wind stress; storm surges; boundary layers; thermodynamics ID: Identifiers hurricanes; land-sea frictional asymmetry; landfall CL: Classification Q2 02243 Structure, mechanics and thermodynamics; H SE6.21 HURRICANES SF: Subfile ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Health & Safety Science Abstracts AN: Accession Number 2696821