http://hipcrimevocab.com/2019/12/28/the-code-of-capital/ a summary/review of Katerina Pistor The Code of Capital: How the Law Creates Wealth and Inequality https://www.amazon.com/Code-Capital-Creates-Wealth-Inequality/dp/0691178976/ The last paragraph: The Code of Capital illustrates that the neofeudal order that is coalescing today is not some inevitable force of nature, but an imposition of a legal code on all of us to turn the entire world into capital assets owned by an international oligarchy of wealth, while local communities are steadily hollowed out. It is the endgame of global capitalism; the final gutting of civil society. Despite the assertion of neoliberals and libertarians, there is nothing “natural” about it. It is blatantly obvious for whom the state’s monopoly on violence is now serving, and its not the citizens of the world’s various counties, but a transnational investor elite Earlier: what we recognize and what we do not recognize as property is a political decision that we make. In these decisions the state tends to favor the rights of those who will generate more wealth for the state. Since the end of the nineteenth century in Britain, we’ve shifted from protecting the landowners and their capital to protecting the credit claimants. By privileging creditor claims above all other claims, we have allowed financialization to occur. This has engendered all the “exotic” financial instruments based on debt that we see circulating today. ... land and other tangible, usable objects are still usable in a certain way even without any legal coding. You can grow crops on land. You can drive a tractor. You can milk a cow. However, intellectual property rights and financial assets only exist in law. These are entirely creations of the law. And so, [Pistor] notes, we’ve created a legal system where we create brand new assets ex nihilo through the law, and then further enhance these assets with the additional attributes of priority, durability, universality, and convertibility to turn them into wealth-creating assets. ... What started centuries ago in land has been extended to financial assets, to intellectual property rights, to data, and potentially many more things. As she notes, even exotic things like DNA re being eyed as potential capital assets. As a result, citizens of various states increasingly feel as if they’ve lost control of their own domestic destiny. With everything around them being turned into capital assets for international markets left and right, they feel helpless.